Artisans

 

A craftsperson is one who is proficient in an art of utilitarian use craft, trade, or trade particularly ones that require manual skills. In the Middle Ages craftspeople gathered to create guilds. Each city was home to a guild for every class of artisans --weavers carpenters, weavers as well as shoemakers and so on. They regulated their the pay and price as well as maintained standards and protected its members from competition from outside. Artisans are specialists in a specific art, typically one that is native to their area cultural heritage, tradition, or culture .They retain the theory and understanding of how to create something unique and transmit their skills to the generations to come. It's the process of turning simple materials into art artworks. Cultural heritage becomes more tangible through these processes, and examples show the way that each group transforms its materials into useful, artistic and symbolic objects. Some artisans keep "trade secrets" which are not shared with any outsiders to their community. The practices that surround the artisans techniques work is believed as the most concrete manifestations of the cultural legacy that is not tangible.

Types of Artisans

Artisans can specialize in many different crafts. Leatherworkers, jewelers, and carpenters metalworkers, painters sculpturers, potters and weavers were among the people who worked in this class. A variety of wonderful products were made from artisans such as exquisite jewelry and beautiful furniture. Scenes from Egyptian everyday life were painted by artists. While the majority of craftsmen were males, there were women weaved fabrics, beaded clothing, and even made perfume.

Stone carvers were among the most skilled craftsmen. The carvings, statues, as well as reliefs that are found in Egyptian temples, tombs and monuments were made by stone carvers.

Stone carvers played a crucial role in the building of tombs. The belief in the afterlife inspired wealthy Egyptians to build elaborate tombs. Stone carvers were instrumental in the design of artwork for tombs to preserve and honor the deceased. They built stone coffins statues of the deceased, as well as intricate carvings for walls.

Cutting stone is a tough and time-consuming job. Granite, for instance was commonly used by carvers. They would pound out the initial shape of the stone using dolerite, which is a tough type of rock. They then used stones and copper chisels to smooth the form and add features. They employed quartz sand in order for smoothing and polishing the work. Color was usually applied to the final piece by artists.

Artists working in various areas:

·     Textiles:

The most well-known technique used by the the artisans The technique is most popular among the artisans population. The artisans use many natural threads to make their production. One of the most commonly used equipment used by artisans is the waist loom as well as the pedal loom. There are a vast variety of methods and each with its own unique style and sophistication. There are many different techniques used in Latin American artisans use tocreate textiles that have Pre-Columbian tradition, made of wool and natural painting that are infused with a variety of symbolisms. A good example is the Mapaches Textiles of Chile. Hicks started using fibers as early as the 1950s. She traveled across Chile across Morocco in the mid-1950s and India to study weaving techniques of indigenous artists. Instead of creating flat artifacts, Hicks expanded on her findings by creating objects that invite viewers to touch and reach out for them. "I believe that yearning is essential," the artist has declared, "the want to hold it in your hand and befriend it to see if the object bites".

·     Metalworking:

Artisans artists use diverse metals, including steel, iron and tin in the creation of various products, among the most popular of which is perhaps the bells, kitchenware, tools and tableware, as well as armor and jewelry. The different metals used in locations are believed to be beneficial for one's health and can be used for both ritual and utilitarian reasons. Artisans has made various instruments to aid doctors, for example.

·     Glass:

An activity of the colonial era that was introduced into Latin America by the Spaniards. The manipulative nature of glass and the time it takes to shape it requires a high degree of skill. This technique is used extensively for the production of tableware and other ornamental items. Glassblowing is a technique that is still utilized in some workshops in central Mexico. Murano Glass is used mostly for decoration in Italy and is among Europe's most ancient artisans and is one of the oldest traditions.

Questions regarding the Artisans

Some question raised here like

What is different between handcrafted or artisanal product?

Although these terms are employed interchangeably in different parts around the globe the artisanal goods differ significantly from handicrafts. The two are similar in the sense that they are both produced by hand using similar materials. Artisans On the other hand, possess abilities that have been passed through generations within their communities. They employ them to make products that are authentic and culturally based. Handicrafts can be learned in the either at home or in a classroom in a classroom. Handicrafts are not created to show items that have profound symbolic or traditional meaning as well as to conform to an ideology, demonstrate a sense of identity or to safeguard the heritage of a community.

What strategies artists employ to master their craft?

Artists learn from their communities and families. They learn and pass techniques, skills and knowledge from generation to generation starting when they are young. The artisans are a part of the community. Techniques are of a deep importance to artisans due to the fact that they are always present in the life of the communities they belong to. Making something with hands can be seen as a method to help families supplement their income, but it could also be seen as a means of transferring traditional culture and customs.

Which are the best examples for hand-made items?

Since there was no shops or factories close by, artisans were able to craft manufactured items they needed to carry out their daily life in their communities. Because of industrialization, many hand-crafted items were transformed into unique or decorative items that were available for purchase by people who were not part of their community. Since these artisanal products made by hand aren't mass-produced, and are filled with meaning, customers appreciate them more these items. Here are a few examples of the specialized techniques used:

Artists from different nations:

Here are a few artisans. Here are some artisans who present all over the world.

Murano, Italy - Glass Blowers

Murano is a tiny island to the north of Venice is among the top locations to watch glass blowing at work. The island's distinct manufacturing process hasn't changed much since its beginnings around the 8th century (the art form was first discovered within its earliest days in Middle East circa 300 BC) however, it's an exciting business. Glass that is molten pulled from the furnace via a hollow tube of steel and then rolled out to form an iron surface called marver. The warm air is blown through the pipe, causing glass to expand, and is then moved until the desired shape is reached. All through each year, Murano's outstanding artisans and master craftsmen perform demonstrations.

Tibet, China - Knife Makers

Tibetan knives makers as with many other artisans all over the world have struggled to keep their craft alive during the 20th century. The Tibetan knife makers, however are still thriving because of the Chinese government's backing and the artisans' unwavering determination. Workers work with a variety of materials, such as copper blades and bull and antelope horns as well as wood and steel for the handles, all in conformity to their elders' directions. Knives are not considered without their sheaths which shield anyone who is who is foolish enough to touch the blades' sharp edges with their fingers. The sheaths, comprised of animal hides, wood and horn are not just a way to ensure the artisans from harm but also protect the creators of work and allow the work to be displayed in all its splendor.

Fes, Morocco: Leather Tanners

The Moroccan leather tanners have an art that hasn't changed from the time of the eleventh century, showing how traditional techniques can be kept alive in a constantly changing world. It's hard not to be awed by the hue and odor of the city's most renowned tanning facility, Chouara, amidst the low-lying structures of Fez, Morocco. The huge stone tanks that are scattered throughout the region are laid out in an enormous honeycomb, and are filled with an array of bright liquids, with some being less appealing than others, like an evaporation vat of cow's urine. The artisans are swathed in the water thigh-deep. The skins are treated first then stained using natural colors like henna, saffron and cedar wood, before being thrown over the roofs to dry in the scorching North African sun.

Problems Presented by Artists in developing countries

Small-scale and cottage industries play an important part to play in generating income and jobs. They serve as a means of the reduction of poverty. Handicrafts are a way to keep the traditions of aesthetics and culture intact and in good condition. However, this industry has encountered significant difficulties. Craftsmen find it extremely difficult to pay the bills. Some of them have begun to quit their jobs." It is crucial to establish an ongoing program that will help these artisans to stay in the field and to safeguard the heritage of the nation and culture which these crafts are a part of.

There are many underlying causes which have contributed to the decline in handicrafts in emerging nations. In rural areas, poor infrastructure can hinder handicraft businesses. There isn't enough power and it is difficult to finish products in time. Equipment is damaged by frequent power outages and changes in voltage. Since roads are often not developed crafters have a hard getting and transferring the raw material, and this can increase costs for production.

Artists are often not able to have access to the right markets. They do not have access or access to suppliers of raw materials since they are mostly middlemen. This makes them vulnerable since they must be knowledgeable of a variety of suppliers in order to negotiate the most favorable cost and quality. The artists they represent have limited options for exports and marketing connections. They are not able to access international markets and rely on local events or shows, which are scarce.

Artisans are being enslaved by middlemen within an endless cycle of abuse. They rely on middlemen in order to sell their products since they aren't able to access to the markets. However, they do pay them relatively little and pay them according to the amount of pieces they create. Middlemen make a lot of money by selling their products at a price that is exorbitant. They take nearly all the proceeds made from sales but they are not the only ones. Furthermore, when clients reach out to middlemen, craftsmen remain out of the equation. They're unable to create an engaged customer base, and don't know how to reach and keep them. It's hard for them to go out by themselves due to this.

In the majority of poor countries there is a dearth of accurate statistics on those who run the artisans of the business. Since its part in the economy that is not formal, there's not any data readily available. This makes it challenging for legislators to create effective ways to protect artisans. This means that encouraging and revitalizing the craft industry is becoming more difficult. Furthermore the new generation is not keen on following the path of their mothers and fathers. They prefer to work in factories where the work is easier and the wages are better.

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